536 lines
14 KiB
Markdown
536 lines
14 KiB
Markdown
# boardgame-core
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基于 [Preact Signals](https://preactjs.com/guide/v10/signals/) 的桌游状态管理库。
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使用响应式状态、实体集合、空间区域和命令驱动的游戏循环来构建回合制桌游。
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## 特性
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- **响应式状态管理**：基于 [@preact/signals-core](https://preactjs.com/guide/v10/signals/) 的细粒度响应
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- **类型安全**：完整的 TypeScript 支持，启用严格模式和泛型上下文扩展
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- **区域系统**：支持多轴定位、对齐和洗牌的空间管理
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- **命令系统**：CLI 风格的命令解析，带 schema 校验、类型转换和玩家输入提示
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- **游戏生命周期管理**：`GameHost` 类提供清晰的游戏设置/重置/销毁生命周期
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- **确定性 RNG**：Mulberry32 种子伪随机数生成器，用于可复现的游戏状态
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## 安装
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```bash
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npm install boardgame-core
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```
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---
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## 使用 GameHost
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`GameHost` 是游戏运行的核心容器，负责管理游戏状态、命令执行和玩家交互的生命周期。
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### 创建 GameHost
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通过 `createGameHost` 传入一个 GameModule 来创建：
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```ts
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import { createGameHost } from 'boardgame-core';
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import * as tictactoe from 'boardgame-core/samples/tic-tac-toe';
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const host = createGameHost(tictactoe);
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```
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### 响应式状态
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GameHost 暴露的所有属性都是响应式 Signal，可以直接用于 UI 渲染或 `effect()`：
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```ts
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import { effect } from '@preact/signals-core';
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// 游戏状态
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effect(() => {
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console.log(host.state.value.currentPlayer);
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console.log(host.state.value.winner);
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});
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// 生命周期状态: 'created' | 'running' | 'disposed'
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effect(() => {
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console.log('Status:', host.status.value);
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});
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// 当前等待的玩家输入 schema
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effect(() => {
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const schema = host.activePromptSchema.value;
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if (schema) {
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console.log('Waiting for:', schema.name, schema.params);
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}
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});
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// 当前等待的玩家
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effect(() => {
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console.log('Current player prompt:', host.activePromptPlayer.value);
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});
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```
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### 启动游戏
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调用 `setup()` 并传入初始化命令名来启动游戏：
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```ts
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await host.setup('setup');
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```
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这会重置游戏状态、取消当前活动提示、运行指定的 setup 命令，并将状态设为 `'running'`。
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### 处理玩家输入
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当命令通过 `this.prompt()` 等待玩家输入时，使用 `onInput()` 提交输入：
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```ts
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// 提交玩家操作，返回错误信息或 null
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const error = host.onInput('play X 1 2');
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if (error) {
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console.log('输入无效:', error);
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// 玩家可以重新输入
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} else {
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// 输入已被接受，命令继续执行
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}
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```
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### 监听事件
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```ts
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// 监听游戏设置完成
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host.on('setup', () => {
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console.log('Game initialized');
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});
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// 监听游戏销毁
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host.on('dispose', () => {
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console.log('Game disposed');
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});
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// on() 返回取消订阅函数
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const unsubscribe = host.on('setup', handler);
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unsubscribe(); // 取消监听
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```
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### 重新开始游戏
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```ts
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// 取消当前命令，重置状态，重新运行 setup 命令
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await host.setup('setup');
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```
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### 销毁游戏
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```ts
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host.dispose();
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```
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销毁后会取消所有活动命令、清理事件监听器，并将状态设为 `'disposed'`。销毁后无法再次使用。
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### 完整示例
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```ts
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import { effect } from '@preact/signals-core';
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import { createGameHost } from 'boardgame-core';
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import * as tictactoe from 'boardgame-core/samples/tic-tac-toe';
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const host = createGameHost(tictactoe);
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// 监听状态变化
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effect(() => {
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const state = host.state.value;
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console.log(`${state.currentPlayer}'s turn (turn ${state.turn + 1})`);
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if (state.winner) {
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console.log('Winner:', state.winner);
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}
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});
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// 启动游戏
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await host.setup('setup');
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// 游戏循环：等待提示 → 提交输入
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while (host.status.value === 'running' && host.activePromptSchema.value) {
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const schema = host.activePromptSchema.value!;
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console.log('Waiting for input:', schema.name);
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// 这里可以从 UI/网络等获取输入
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const input = await getPlayerInput();
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const error = host.onInput(input);
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if (error) {
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console.log('Invalid:', error);
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}
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}
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// 游戏结束后可以重新开始
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// await host.setup('setup');
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// 或彻底销毁
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// host.dispose();
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```
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---
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## 编写 GameModule
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GameModule 是定义游戏逻辑的模块，包含状态定义和命令注册。
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### GameModule 结构
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一个 GameModule 必须导出两个东西：
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```ts
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import { createGameCommandRegistry, createRegion } from 'boardgame-core';
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// 1. 定义游戏状态
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export function createInitialState() {
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return {
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board: createRegion('board', [
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{ name: 'x', min: 0, max: 2 },
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{ name: 'y', min: 0, max: 2 },
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]),
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parts: {} as Record<string, Part>,
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currentPlayer: 'X' as PlayerType,
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winner: null as WinnerType,
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turn: 0,
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};
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}
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// 2. 创建命令注册表并注册命令
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const registration = createGameCommandRegistry<ReturnType<typeof createInitialState>>();
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export const registry = registration.registry;
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// 注册命令
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registration.add('setup', async function () {
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// ... 命令逻辑
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});
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registration.add('play <player> <row:number> <col:number>', async function (cmd) {
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// ... 命令逻辑
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});
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```
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也可以使用 `createGameModule` 辅助函数：
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```ts
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import { createGameModule, createGameCommandRegistry, createRegion } from 'boardgame-core';
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export const gameModule = createGameModule({
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registry: registration.registry,
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createInitialState,
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});
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```
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### 定义游戏状态
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游戏状态是一个普通对象，通过 `createInitialState()` 工厂函数创建。建议使用 `ReturnType` 推导类型：
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```ts
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export function createInitialState() {
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return {
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board: createRegion('board', [
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{ name: 'x', min: 0, max: 2 },
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{ name: 'y', min: 0, max: 2 },
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]),
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parts: {} as Record<string, TicTacToePart>,
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currentPlayer: 'X' as PlayerType,
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winner: null as WinnerType,
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turn: 0,
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};
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}
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export type GameState = ReturnType<typeof createInitialState>;
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```
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状态通常包含：
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- **Region**：用 `createRegion()` 创建的空间区域
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- **parts**：`Record<string, Part>` 游戏棋子集合
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- 游戏特有的字段：当前玩家、分数、回合数等
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### 注册命令
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使用 `registration.add()` 注册命令。Schema 字符串定义了命令格式：
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```ts
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registration.add('play <player> <row:number> <col:number>', async function (cmd) {
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const [player, row, col] = cmd.params as [PlayerType, number, number];
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// this.context 是 MutableSignal<GameState>
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this.context.produce(state => {
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state.parts[piece.id] = piece;
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});
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return { winner: null };
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});
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```
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#### Schema 语法
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| 语法 | 含义 |
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| `name` | 命令名 |
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| `<param>` | 必填参数（字符串） |
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| `<param:number>` | 必填参数（自动转为数字） |
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| `[--flag]` | 可选标志 |
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| `[-x:number]` | 可选选项（带类型） |
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#### 命令处理器中的 this
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命令处理器中的 `this` 是 `CommandRunnerContext<MutableSignal<TState>>`：
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```ts
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registration.add('myCommand <arg>', async function (cmd) {
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// 读取状态
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const state = this.context.value;
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// 修改状态
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this.context.produce(draft => {
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draft.currentPlayer = 'O';
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});
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// 提示玩家输入
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const result = await this.prompt(
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'confirm <action>',
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(command) => {
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// 验证函数：返回 null 表示有效，返回 string 表示错误信息
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return null;
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},
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this.context.value.currentPlayer // currentPlayer 参数可选
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);
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// 调用子命令
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const subResult = await this.run<{ score: number }>(`score ${player}`);
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if (subResult.success) {
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console.log(subResult.result.score);
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}
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// 返回命令结果
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return { success: true };
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});
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```
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### 使用 prompt 等待玩家输入
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`this.prompt()` 是处理玩家输入的核心方法。它会暂停命令执行，等待外部通过 `host.onInput()` 提交输入：
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```ts
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registration.add('turn <player> <turn:number>', async function (cmd) {
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const [turnPlayer, turnNumber] = cmd.params as [PlayerType, number];
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// 等待玩家输入
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const playCmd = await this.prompt(
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'play <player> <row:number> <col:number>', // 期望的输入格式
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(command) => {
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const [player, row, col] = command.params as [PlayerType, number, number];
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// 验证逻辑
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if (player !== turnPlayer) {
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return `Invalid player: ${player}`;
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}
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if (row < 0 || row > 2 || col < 0 || col > 2) {
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return `Invalid position: (${row}, ${col})`;
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}
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if (isCellOccupied(this.context, row, col)) {
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return `Cell (${row}, ${col}) is already occupied`;
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}
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return null; // 验证通过
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},
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this.context.value.currentPlayer // 可选：标记当前等待的玩家
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);
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// 验证通过后，playCmd 是已解析的命令对象
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const [player, row, col] = playCmd.params as [PlayerType, number, number];
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// 执行放置
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placePiece(this.context, row, col, player);
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return { winner: checkWinner(this.context) };
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});
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```
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验证函数返回 `null` 表示输入有效，返回 `string` 表示错误信息。
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### 使用 setup 命令驱动游戏循环
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`setup` 命令通常作为游戏的入口点，负责驱动整个游戏循环：
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```ts
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registration.add('setup', async function () {
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const { context } = this;
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while (true) {
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const currentPlayer = context.value.currentPlayer;
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const turnNumber = context.value.turn + 1;
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// 运行回合命令
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const turnOutput = await this.run<{ winner: WinnerType }>(
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`turn ${currentPlayer} ${turnNumber}`
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);
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if (!turnOutput.success) throw new Error(turnOutput.error);
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// 更新状态
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context.produce(state => {
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state.winner = turnOutput.result.winner;
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if (!state.winner) {
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state.currentPlayer = state.currentPlayer === 'X' ? 'O' : 'X';
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state.turn = turnNumber;
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}
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});
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// 游戏结束条件
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if (context.value.winner) break;
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}
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return context.value;
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});
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```
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### 使用 Part 和 Region
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#### 创建和放置 Part
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```ts
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import { createPart, createRegion, moveToRegion } from 'boardgame-core';
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// 创建区域
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const board = createRegion('board', [
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{ name: 'row', min: 0, max: 2 },
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{ name: 'col', min: 0, max: 2 },
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]);
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// 创建棋子
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const piece = createPart<{ owner: string }>(
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{ regionId: 'board', position: [1, 1], owner: 'white' },
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'piece-1'
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);
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// 放入状态
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state.produce(draft => {
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draft.parts[piece.id] = piece;
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draft.board.childIds.push(piece.id);
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draft.board.partMap['1,1'] = piece.id;
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});
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```
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#### 创建 Part 池
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```ts
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import { createPartPool } from 'boardgame-core';
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// 从池中抽取
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const pool = createPartPool<{ type: string }>(
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{ regionId: 'supply', type: 'kitten' },
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10,
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'kitten'
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);
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const piece = pool.draw(); // 取出一个
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pool.return(piece); // 放回
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pool.remaining(); // 剩余数量
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```
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#### 区域操作
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```ts
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import { applyAlign, shuffle, moveToRegion, isCellOccupied } from 'boardgame-core';
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// 检查格子是否被占用
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if (isCellOccupied(state.parts, 'board', [1, 1])) { ... }
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// 对齐排列（紧凑排列）
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applyAlign(handRegion, state.parts);
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// 打乱位置
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shuffle(deckRegion, state.parts, rng);
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// 移动到其他区域
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moveToRegion(piece, sourceRegion, targetRegion, [0, 0]);
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```
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### 使用 RNG
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```ts
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import { createRNG } from 'boardgame-core';
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const rng = createRNG(12345); // 种子
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rng.nextInt(6); // 0-5
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rng.next(); // [0, 1)
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```
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### 完整示例：井字棋
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参考 [`src/samples/tic-tac-toe.ts`](src/samples/tic-tac-toe.ts)，包含：
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- 2D 棋盘区域
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- 玩家轮流输入
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- 胜负判定
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- 完整的游戏循环
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---
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## API 参考
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### 核心
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| 导出 | 说明 |
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|---|---|
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| `IGameContext` | 游戏上下文基础接口 |
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| `createGameContext(registry, initialState?)` | 创建游戏上下文实例 |
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| `createGameCommandRegistry<TState>()` | 创建命令注册表，返回带 `.add()` 的对象 |
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| `createGameModule(module)` | 辅助函数，标记一个对象为 GameModule |
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| `GameHost<TState>` | 游戏生命周期管理类 |
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| `createGameHost(module, options?)` | 从 GameModule 创建 GameHost |
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| `GameHostStatus` | 类型: `'created' \| 'running' \| 'disposed'` |
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### 棋子 (Parts)
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| 导出 | 说明 |
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| `Part<TMeta>` | 游戏棋子类型 |
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| `PartTemplate<TMeta>` | 创建棋子的模板类型 |
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| `PartPool<TMeta>` | 棋子池 |
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| `createPart(template, id)` | 创建单个棋子 |
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| `createParts(template, count, idPrefix)` | 批量创建相同棋子 |
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| `createPartPool(template, count, idPrefix)` | 创建棋子池 |
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| `mergePartPools(...pools)` | 合并多个棋子池 |
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| `findPartById(parts, id)` | 按 ID 查找棋子 |
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| `isCellOccupied(parts, regionId, position)` | 检查格子是否被占用 |
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| `flip(part)` / `flipTo(part, side)` / `roll(part, rng)` | 翻面/随机面 |
|
||
|
||
### 区域 (Regions)
|
||
|
||
| 导出 | 说明 |
|
||
|---|---|
|
||
| `Region` / `RegionAxis` | 区域类型 |
|
||
| `createRegion(id, axes)` | 创建区域 |
|
||
| `applyAlign(region, parts)` | 紧凑排列 |
|
||
| `shuffle(region, parts, rng)` | 打乱位置 |
|
||
| `moveToRegion(part, sourceRegion?, targetRegion, position?)` | 移动棋子到其他区域 |
|
||
| `moveToRegionAll(parts, sourceRegion?, targetRegion, positions?)` | 批量移动 |
|
||
| `removeFromRegion(part, region)` | 从区域移除棋子 |
|
||
|
||
### 命令 (Commands)
|
||
|
||
| 导出 | 说明 |
|
||
|---|---|
|
||
| `parseCommand(input)` | 解析命令字符串 |
|
||
| `parseCommandSchema(schema)` | 解析 Schema 字符串 |
|
||
| `validateCommand(cmd, schema)` | 验证命令 |
|
||
| `Command` / `CommandSchema` / `CommandResult` | 命令相关类型 |
|
||
| `PromptEvent` | 玩家输入提示事件 |
|
||
| `createRNG(seed?)` | 创建种子 RNG |
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## 脚本
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
npm run build # 构建 ESM bundle + 类型声明到 dist/
|
||
npm run test # 以 watch 模式运行测试
|
||
npm run test:run # 运行测试一次
|
||
npm run typecheck # TypeScript 类型检查
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## License
|
||
|
||
MIT
|